The international framework of arbitration
The Convention, national legislation and agreed procedural rules: the role of each layer.
Read the guideAndrei
Arbitration.Law.Independence.
Andrei’s author project:
research, case law
and explanations of arbitration
01Professional judgment begins with careful consideration of the facts.
The approach
Independence
Autonomy of professional judgment.
Impartiality
Equal attention to positions and arguments.
Confidentiality
Careful handling of information.
Topics and research
In focus
From the wording of an agreement to the legal effect of an award.
01020304
Arbitration agreements
Consent, validity and interpretation.
International commercial arbitration
The seat and the interaction of legal systems.
Recognition and enforcement
Court supervision and the practical effect of an award.
Cryptoassets and arbitration
Consumer protection, remedies and award enforcement.
About the author
Andrei
Master’s degree in Law.
Postgraduate qualification:
Researcher; Teacher-Researcher.
Research interests: the validity of arbitration agreements and dispute resolution in international commercial arbitration.
About the author- 2025Postgraduate educationMFUALaw · 12.00.03 Civil Law; Business Law; Family Law; Private International Law
- 2024Master’s studiesVyatka State UniversityLaw · Prosecutorial and Judicial Activity
- 2021Vocational education · Law and Court AdministrationMultidisciplinary Academy of Continuing Education, Omsk
- 2019 / 2020Bachelor’s degreeMFUALaw · Civil Law
- 2018 / 2019Master’s degreeMFUALaw · Administrative and Financial Law
- 2018Vocational education · Law and Social Security AdministrationCherepovets College of Trade and Economics
Understanding arbitration
All guidesStart with the essentials
Arbitration agreements: wording and terms
The clause and standalone agreement, writing and notarisation, required terms and sample wording. A comparison of ten countries.
Read the guideSetting aside and refusal of enforcement
Setting aside, refusal of a domestic writ and refusal of foreign-award recognition: provisions, evidence and court practice.
Read the guideWritten clause and consent
Form, electronic exchanges, scope and separability.
Explore this stageWho hears the dispute
Appointment, independence, impartiality, challenges and replacement.
Explore this stageNotice, submissions and evidence
Parties receive documents and an opportunity to present their case. The applicable rules determine hearings or document-only proceedings.
Explore this stageThe written outcome
The tribunal makes and signs an award within its jurisdiction and sends a copy to each party.
Explore this stageVoluntary or court-assisted compliance
Compulsory recovery requires the prescribed procedure. Overseas enforcement involves the Convention and local law.
Explore this stageReview of setting-aside grounds
A separate application to the competent court, governed by statutory grounds, time limits and review limits.
Explore this stageEnforcement and setting aside are separate procedures after the award. A challenge is not a mandatory stage.
Choosing a
“specific arbitral tribunal”
Freedom and Law · conference proceedings · May 2025
Bibliographic recordCase law
All case notesDecisions in context
Supreme Court: award finality and public-policy review
Supreme Court of Russia, Economic Disputes Chamber · Cassation determination · 307-ЭС26-4178; А56-78469/2025
The moratorium, dividend payments and the limits of a finality agreement: the case was remitted.
RussiaEnforcement and reviewRemittal
DJP v DJO: parallel-award reasoning and procedural fairness
Singapore Court of Appeal · Appeal judgment · [2025] SGCA(I) 2; CA 6/2024
Use of parallel-case material resulted in the entire award remaining set aside.
SingaporeProcedure and evidenceAward set aside
Payward: arbitrability does not guarantee enforcement
High Court of England and Wales · Judgment on recognition and enforcement · [2023] EWHC 1780 (Comm); CL-2023-000029
A Kraken consumer, a foreign arbitration clause and public policy at enforcement of a JAMS award.
United KingdomCryptoassetsEnforcement refused